How AI will remake the rules of international trade
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When it comes to international trade and investment, AI will create some obvious winners and losers. It's the second-order effects that may prove more interesting.To understand those, start with two premises: First, AI services will consume a lot of energy, not all of which will be green. Second, many nations will regulate either the use of AI, or the implementation of AI-derived goods and services, for instance the creation of new pharmaceuticals or new educational techniques. Let's consider each of these factors in turn.Posting a query to ChatGPT consumes a lot of energy, by one estimate 10 times more than a Google search. Currently large language models are sufficiently limited that this is not a major factor in aggregate energy consumption. But as use of AI services increases...